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A migraine is a type of headache that causes intense, throbbing pain, usually on one side of the head. It can be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light or sound. Migraines can last anywhere from a few hours to several days and often interfere with daily activities.
The exact cause of migraines isn’t fully understood, but they’re thought to be linked to temporary changes in brain activity and blood flow. Genetics and environmental factors also play a role. Common triggers include stress, hormonal changes, lack of sleep, certain foods, and caffeine withdrawal.
Migraine symptoms typically include severe head pain, visual disturbances (known as aura), nausea, and sensitivity to light or sound. Some people also experience dizziness or difficulty concentrating. The symptoms can vary in intensity and duration from one migraine attack to another.